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Competitive swimmer who became a Hollywood leading man
Johnny Weissmuller was born János Weißmüller on June 2, 1904 in Freidorf, in former Austria-Hungary (now Romania).
Soon after, when Johnny was only seven months, his family emigrated to the USA, embarking on a twelve day trip on the S.S. Rotterdam to Ellis Island. The family settled in Chicago, where he would later discover his passion for swimming.
When Weissmuller was nine years old, he contracted polio.
Following doctor’s orders, Johnny started taking swimming lessons on Lake Michigan to recover and build stamina. He later joined the YMCA swim team at the age of twelve, discovering his love for swimming and excelling in this sport almost immediately.
It wouldn't be long before he was invited to join the Illinois Athletic Club, one of the best swim teams in the country. After a year of intense training, Weissmuller entered competitions in 1921 and immediately began winning Amateur Athletic Union races and breaking world records.
Johnny Weissmuller at the Olympic Games
Weissmuller swam his way into the record books, becoming America's first swimming superstar by winning five Olympic gold medals and setting more than 50 world records.
He first joined the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris, where his American citizenship was questioned by an Illinois congressman. Using his brother’s Pennsylvania baptismal records, the swimmer obtained his American passport under his brother’s name Peter John Weissmuller.
Nonetheless, he emerged as a star athlete at the games, winning gold in the 100- and 400-metre freestyle, as well as the 4×200-metre freestyle relay. He also helped the United States win a bronze in water polo.
Four years later, he took part in the Amsterdam 1928 Olympic Games, where he took gold in the 100-metre freestyle and 4×200-metre freestyle relay. His merits would later earn him a spot in the International Swimming Hall of Fame in 1965.
Johnny Weissmuller in Hollywood
Weissmuller parlayed his success in the pool into Hollywood stardom.
Leaving his impressive swimming career behind, he retired from competitions and continued to rise as a star by performing around the world in water shows. He supplemented his live appearances with print advertisements (modelling swimsuits) and radio and movie performances.
In 1932, he signed a seven-year contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio, and after a name change to Johnny Weissmuller, he played the role of Tarzan in the movie Tarzan the Ape Man.
Weissmuller starred in twelve Tarzan films produced in Hollywood between 1932 and 1948, becoming the actor most commonly associated with the Tarzan character.
In the late 1950s, Weissmuller retired from Hollywood after a short run of the television series Jungle Jim, though he made occasional cameo appearances until the mid-1970s.
He passed away on January 20, 1984. Despite dominating a single sport as few had, his identity as the quintessential movie Tarzan remains his most memorable legacy.
This blog is part of the Europeana Sport project which showcases cultural treasures relating to sporting heritage in Europe.